Type-writing machine.



J. J. CHAPIN.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

APPLICAHON FILED SEPT-2, I908.

Patented Feb], 1916.

5 SHEETSSHEBT I.

1.1. CHAPIN.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT-2,1908.

Patented Feb. 1, 1916.

5 SHEETSSHEET 2 I l 1 1 1 1 1 l 1 1 '1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 17 F1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 I 1 1 11 0 1 101) 1 9 0 1 e 0 7 0' 1 6 0/ 1 5 0 J. J. CHAPIN.

TYPE WRITING MAcHmE. APPLICAIION HLED SEPT- 2, 1908.

1,169,770. Patented Feb. 1, 1916.

5 SHEETS SHEET 3. 1

III. 1:1

mo 0 v I s n I I J. 1. CHAPIN. TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

- APFLICAHON FILED SEPT-2,1908.

Patented Feb. 1, 1916. 5 SHEETSSHEET 4.

J. J. CHAPIN.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

APPLICAIION FILED SLPI. 2, 1908.

1,169,770. Patented Feb. 1, 19m.

46 5 SHEETS-SHET 5 4.9 40 I:

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

; OHN J. CHAPIN, OF DETROIT. MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR TO BURROUGHS ADDING MACHINE COIVIPANY, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, A CORPORATION OF MICHIGAN.

TYPE-WRITING MACHINE,

Application filed September 2, 1908.

ni iit having more espwgiall v to do ith the M or action. one ohjert heing ti: proiide asc l lightnes of touch on the. hers 32 a H arrann'enii- Iil' retracting spriin: To fi SJpt hare. \vli .1 arrangement at the 'tllk provides to. increased speed of in" tvpe l ars.

farther ol ievt is to so construct and arrange the perating connections between the character key levers and the type bars as to provide for a slow and easy start with acceleration as the type approach the platen and the highest rate of speed when the limit of movement of the key levers is reached. Furtl'iermore the arrangement of these con lifi'tlflllis Hli'll as to eliminate cramping n any f the pivots. stress in any unit of lll'li connections licing in the direction of the raili-itiiig plane of such unit. In these 0peratinn' connections pull wires or links wiiich tran--mit iiiowment to the pivoted type bars are so arranged that any such pull wire or link will lil operation h carried away hodily from he b ring pull wires or linlcs thereli eliminating collision of pull wires and permitting a gr ater e.\tcnt t the arc oi" the H l ar support lag .-.c; "nent to he employed than heretofore and than allowing for increaseii spacing); apart of the type liars l'urthei' o ijevt oi the lIHLlltlOU is to ])l( l li an llliiH'tfli'tl con truction for suppoi-tin; pi otal paitsit; as the typehars and their operating hell canlis. which construction will proiid lot distribution of wear Zillll consequently t'or prolonging the lite of the min-aimas w ell as preserving the alinement in typewriting.

'llninvent ion aim proiides ini 'n'menients in rh apper ;ii limriease mountings and mntrol zag .li-viws. i ahalaieil to se ure easy :mi llllil sl'l :Hiioli ':l simple and ctl ective ailln neon particular work in land. With these anti inenleiital O JJQCtS in view the hivlitiul'l :.o1..--.;s:& in certain novel tea- Specification of Letters Patent.

gmzziii' li in causing a quiekenctl rin'overy Patented Feb.'1, 1916.

Serial No. 451.361.

tures of construction and con'ibinations of parts. the essential elements whereof are recited in the appended claims and a preferred form of embodiment of which is described in detail hereinafter and fully illustrated in the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification.

()t' said drawings Figure 1 represents a general vertical section of a typewritiug niarhine taken from front to rear. various teen tures of the present invention appearing; Fig. :3 represents the type centering guide deta hed in perspective: Fig. 1i represents a partial vertical cross section on. an euh'.. scale with sin e p:.-rts appearing in front elevaaion; Fi represents a top plan new of the 1111M lime with a nuniher l' parts omitted; Fig. .3 is a detail sectional view showing one of the bell crank levers of the type har operating connections and its pivotal mounting; Fig. (3 is a fragmentary front elevation of the same with others of the hell cranks: Fig. 7 is a sectional elevation on an, enlarged scale as compared with Fig. l, illi-tintll1il type har action or unit: Fig. 8 is a fragmentary rear elevation of the type bar segment with type bars mounted therein and retracting spring applied; Fig. 9 is a detail sectional view on the line 99 of Fig. 7: Fig. 10 is a cross section on an enlarged scale of the type bar pad; Fig. 11 a sectional elevation of upper case shift key and connections; Fig. 12 is a somewhat similar view illustrating a different adjustment; and Fig. 13 is a fragmentary front eleva tion of parts shown in Figs. 11 and 12.

In the drawings the reference numeral 2 designates the supporting frame-work of the machine. Ii the laterally movable paper carriage, -l the roller platen carried there-- by, .3 character key levers extending horizontally in the lower portion of the framework and fulcrumed at their rear ends on an overhanging portion of the frame-work. being normally upheld by spiral springs 6, and 7 type oars pivoted in a. segmental plate 8 and adapted to swing up and rearward against the platen i. The segmental radial shoulder 9 normally lying Within the slot of the segment near the front side of the latter as shown in Fig. 7 but adapted when the type bar swings to the limit of its movement to project beyond the rear side of the segment as shown by dotted lines in said figure. On the back of the segment there is secured a steel plate 10 (Figs. 7 and 8) formed with a series of resilient fingers 11 whose end edges normally lie closely adjacent terminal concentric edges of the type bars one finger in the present instance embracing two type bars, though this arrangement may of course be varied. As a type bar approaches the end of its upward and rearward swing its shoulder 9 encounters the finger 11 which yields, permitting the type to be thrown forcibly against the platen. This can and in practice does come about through the impetus of the moving parts under actuation by finger pressure on a character key, so that the spring finger instantly recovers, throwing the type bar back away from the platen without waiting on release of finger pressure. It

will be seen that with this construction the spring offers no resistance whatever during the touch on the key and only comes into play to cause quick recovery of the type bar from the actual impression advance produced by reason of gathered impetus during actuation under finger pressure. At the same time the arrangement provides for instantly starting the type bar on its return movement so that not only is extreme light ness of touch preserved but high speed in operation provided for.

The type bars of course he in radiating planes and it is desirable to so arrange operating connections between them and the horizontal character key hwers so as to reduce to the minimum any tnidcncy toward cramping on pivots, the kevlmard neces sarily occupyingconsiderably more'lateral area than thetypes. leli cranks are employed intermediate the key levers and the type bars. the same being preferably supported by a curved bar extending between the sides of the framework and se rured thereto. This bar extends on an arc of a radius somewhat greater than that of the segment and is locat d tori ari'l of the latter and in a lower plane. The bell cranks extend in convergent plui'les not l'adiul to such an or that (it tin segment but providing for straight iiius ronnection between the bell cranks and the key lovers 5. Forwardly proie 'ting arms if. of the bell cranks lie normally horizontal, these arms liming coupled to the r torward ends pull wires or link It h l: extend to the key h-iers resperti and arc pivotallv connerted therewith. 1-n1d pull wires or links lyim. in the respe tive planes of the bell cranks a clearly shown in Fig; 3. The

normally inclining rearward. To the upper extremities of these bell crank arms 15 pull wires or links 16 are pivotally connected,

the rear ends of these links or pull Wires being pivotally connected to projections 17 of the type bars respectively such projections in the normal position ol the type bars extending downward and rearward from the pivots of the bars as illustrated in 7. These pull wires or links lie in cyliii drr cal series with rear ends normally slightly above horizontal lines embracing the front ends. Under upper case shift the rear ends of said pull wires or links are slightly below such horizontal lines the Same distance as they are normally above suclrlines. It will be seenthat the arrangement of connections as above described is calculated to reduce to the minimum any cramping on the pivots, the pull wires receiving the initial stress of finger pressure in line with the bell crank levers which transmit move-.

ment to the type bars. l urthermore the normal disposition of the arms 13 of the bell cranks provides for the maximum leverage in application of finger pressure power whereas the disposition of the arms 15 of said hell crank levers provides for an increasing leverage in transmission of such power to operate the type bars. Thus the action can be started easily under a light touch and accelerated as the type bar approaches the printing position. It should be noted that both endsof pull wires or links 16 rise in actuation of type bars, the

extremities of the bell crank arms 15 swinging upward inasmuch as they normally in cline rearward, and the extremities of the type bar projections 17, after a very slight downward swing, also swinging upward and forward. It results that pressure on a character key carries the connected link or pull wire 16 bodily forward and upward away from the rest of the pull wires or links. Consequently the parts are not required to be assembled with regard to pos-' sible collision of such pull wires as when one end drops and the other rises. hence there is.

no limitation on this account to the segmental extent of the series of type bars and unmet-tions. It follows that more of the supporting segment h un be utilized and the type spaced farther apart.

The pivotal mounting of both type bars and bell ("ranks is sin-l. as to provide for distribution o1 war and herefore prescrvw tion of lillltlllltllt in the typewritin As the construction for each (rt-these sets of 11 pivotal parts is prartirally identical a desriiption of one will sutiice for both. The bell cranks lI'l--l Ti occupy cross slots in the bar 12 (Figs. 5 and such slots of course converging or radiating in the same planes as the bell cranks. The bar is also slotted longiti-idinally and reeessedat. the base of this longitudinal slot or groove as shown at 18 to tlCCOllll'llOdtlt-E a pivot rod or Wire 19 which extends through pivot holes in the. several bell cranks, said pivot holes being regulated in size according to angularity of the bell cranks relative to said pivot rod. The ends of this pivot. rod or ire are serew-threaded and project above the bar 12 receiving adjusting nuts 20 on their ends, which nuts seat against prepared angular surl'aees of the-bar. By the. use of these nuts which are suitably knurled for manipulation. the pivot, rod or wire run be shifted longitudinaltv so as to vary the points of bearing of the bell rranks thereon and di tribute the wear throughout the l iigth of the rod. It will be obvious that this contru tion provides a r ady means for prolonging the life of tl niaehin while preserving the alinenient.

The springs t: lwretofore mentioned as normally upholding the eha -arter key lever are seated in s rkets of a cross bar ll (Fi s. T and 3) (Xleiulillg between the sides of the. supporting framework and adjusting srrews 22 are entered through the underside of this eross bar. said screws being slotted at both ends and the lower extremities of the. springs being engaged with the upper slots. Th5 upper ends of the springs abut against the sides of the levers 5. liy turning any one of the screws 22 by a iplication of a serew-driver to its outer slot the tension of the spring 6 can be inc ased, the upper e id of the spring being forced past the underrdge of the key lever and the extremity of the spring snapping past such lever and serving to prevent unwinding of the spring by abutment against the side of the leu-r and the screw being eorrespondingly locked against backward turning.

There is secured to the front of the ment S at. a eentral position a type centering guide. This comprises a substantial piece of steel with a base or body portion 2?) screwed to the segment, upright side arms or tines 2t and central fingers or tines 25 spa ed from said arms 2% and from each other but tending to spring toward the arms respectively and away from each other, said lingers being reduced at their bases to inerease resiliency. The upper ends of the lingers 3.7 have forwardly-projecting porli ns it; whose confronting edges converge to the slit between the fingers, the latter being also slightly rounded out in flaring F0 "1. .1 l. below such fox'wardlyprojecting 'llie typo bar heads just below "at portions strike between the he lingers 25 where the arms l ire Ew'atrd and the construction above oles l'l'H-l 34o. ides for the proper centering ermvs '12? are entered through threaded openings in the upper ends of the arms 2-1 to bear against the outer sides of the fingers 25 respectively and said screws have-lock nuts 38 applied to them. By means of these serews and lock nuts the eentering fingers can be exactly adjusted. It has been stated that these fingers tend to spring away from each other, therefore it will be. obvious that by turning back one of the serews 27 and serewing up the other the guide can be firmly and accurately adjustedi The basket in wb'irh the type bars nor mally rest comprises suitable horizontal supporting rods 1 projeeting from the seginent "w'. a eurved liar 3-1 seeured thereto edge up and termed with a series of forwardly pro ierting lingers I32. and a curved plate 3 supported by and secured to said lingers. comparathely thiek strip of felt or like material I5! is laid upon this plate 32 and on this l'elt drip rests a pad comprising an outer sheatl. llof pliable material surh as linen or oth r textile stuti but preferably a pie of bl l. Thi sheath eonstitutes a bag or su h for lay ers li of soft metal preferably tin foil. whim layeis may-be formed y taking a sheet f tin foil and folding it ba lt and forth as hown in Fig. 10. The type bar heads route to rest against this pad which with the interposed felt strip is suitably serured to the plate 3". as by rivets 3T. 'ihe onstiiu-timi ot' the pad as above de s ribed prrwidez for the type heads falling againt the same with a. deadening effeet. praetirally eliminating rebound. It. will 1 obvious that {li layers of soft metal sueh as tin foil are ealeulated to prodtu'e the desired deadening elleet and at the same time there i lency to so tar harden or ehange shape in use. as to didurb th arrangement r perlormanee of the type bars.

Passing now to the upper and loner cas shift the segment is formed at opposite sides with projecting arms 4t and there is journaled in bearings at opposite sides of the framework a rork shaft -ll at a point in rear of the segment. said shaft carrying forwatally-projecting arms l2 just inside the 'fran'iework and bored to pivotally support the EQLFXIIPHt arms in. leg 13 is s'eourt 'l to and depends from the eentral portion of the segment 8 on the rear side thereof as shown in Figs. 1. t and "i' and this leg has jointed to its lower end a link it which extends rearwardh and is pivotally mounted in an upright rising from the rear lower cross pieee of the supporting framework. "he forward end of this link is normally slightly above the horizontal but when the segment 9 is lowered for upper .ase work the forward end of said link is the same distance below the h rizontal. The same thing is true of the arms 42 and as the distance between the point of pivotal connection of the link 41 and leg 4.3 and a horizontal plane embracing the points ofpivotal connection between the arms 42 and the segmcnt is normally the same as the distance between the rear pivot of said link and the horizontal plane embracing the axis of the shaft 41, the segment 5 and parts carried thereby when fully shifted will occupy the same planes as before.

It is to be noted that the segment moves in a vertical direction whereas the arms 42 and 4t which guide the same and'the. links 10 by which the type bars are operated from the bell crank levers all lie in substantially horizontal planes. As a'result of this construction the shifting of the segment has no effect upon the. key levers, bell cranks or the links which connect these levers for the reason that the slide movement of the segment or basket in a flat arc substantially normal to the links 16 does not materiall alter the distance between the pivotal connections of the latter to the type bars and kev levers respectively. By this arrangement unnecessary rattling of the keys is prevented.

The extent of movement of the segment is controlled by means of set sci-c s l entered through flanges of the frana-work and car whine. said Ts n'ings thus holding the segment up and operating to restore it to the 11 wt position after having been lowered. Shift keys -51 and 5:2 are rarried on the forwardl extending substantially horizontal arms o and M of a pair of bell crank levers pivoted at their angles upon frame studs 33. l}'pstanding arms 56 and 57 of these bell crank levers lie in rear of and arc adaptrd to actupon depending arms 3* and 5%) of hell. cranks respectively, the latter pivoted on opposite sides of the fraimwvork and bar-- ing rearwai'dlwextending arms an and a1 bifurcated at their rear ends to embrace the segment arms 40 respectively-where their pivot portions' protrude through the arms 43. it will be obvious that depression of either key 51 or 52 through connections above described will result in dcprct ion of the type. bar segment. In order to keep the bell crank key levers in lin with the segment operating bell cranks. the arnzs 5H and 57 of the former carr U-shaped pieces (.5 en'ibraeing the depcndii'ig arms as and i of the operating bell cranks. i

Either of the keys 51 or 52 may operate simply to temporarily hold the segment 3 of the left-hand shift ke v le\er.

down as when printing a sin le upper case charz'icter or the right-hand key 51 may be employed to lower the. segment and cause it to be held down indefinitely. the other key 52 then operating to release the segment. Thus there is pivoted in a front portion of the framework a small lever 70 with a knob 71 on its outer end and a lateral pin or stud 72 on its'inner end. the lever being pivoted intermediate its ends. A spring 7 5 connerts the stud 72 with a fixed stud on the machine frame. such spring thus tending to elevate the rear end of the lever and lower its forward end. 'hen free to do so this spring holds the stud T2 normallv against the lower end of the bell crank arm 59 as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 11. l'nder such conditions when the right-hand shift key .3] is depressed and said bell crank arm 59 thus swung' forward the pin -or stud 72 ivill spring up behind said arm as shown in Fig.

-12. latching the segment down without back lash. Rearwardlv bevond this stud or pin the lever 70 has a cam edge Tl adapted for co-action with a pin or stud 73 on the arm Thus when, after use of the. righthand shiftkey lever to permanently lower the key bar segment. it is desired to release the same it is merely neccssarv to depress the left-hand shift kev thus causing the pin or stud T to (am down the rear end. of the lever TO freeing the bell crank arm 5 from the restraint imposed upon it by the pin or slud (if course eren when the 7 fly lever is Eli doited line positlon shonn m Fig. ll drpre. sion of the shift kev 52 \ill n t r in! in he so held. against the stress t the spring T which is incapable of overc ming the friction between the lever and he shonhh r thereof. Such friction can he ltiltllifv oven come b finger pressure when it is d irrvl to have the leverin atiiw i l! will be obvious {in l. and ba k t have be n. on bv use of the righthand shift I lease an be cll'e 'led as well bf. knob 71 as bv the previously meme presion of the leftlmnd shift kc 1.

While the abovc described coi are well adapted. to fallil lhe oh.

ion

the latter having radial shoulders adjacent their pivots, of a plate secured to the frame and having springfingers arranged to be encountered by the shoulders on the bars as they reach the point of iinpact/ I 2. In a typewriting machine, the combination with pivoted type bars, of a plate having spring fingers arranged to be encountered by the bars as they reach the point of impact, each finger cooperating with a plurality of type bars.

In a typewriting machine, the combination of horizontal parallel key levers, a segmental series of bell cranks in radiating planes, rat. links connecting said bell cranks with the key levers respectively, a segmental series of type bars, and links connectirig the same with the, bell cranks respectively.

l. In a typewriting machine, the combination of horizontal parallel key levers, a segmental series of hell cranks in radiating planes,one arm of each bell crank normally extending horizontally, radiating links connect-ing said bell cranks with the key levers respectively, a segmental series of type bars, and links connecting the same with the bell cranks respectively.

5. in a typewriting machine, the combination of horizontal parallel key levers, a

segmental series of bell cranks in radiating V planes,one arm of each bell crank normally extending horizontally and the other up- Wardly at an obtuse angle to the horizontally extending arm, radiating linkscon necting said bell cranks with the key levers respectively, a segmentaIseries-of type. bars,

. and 'links connecting the same with the bell cranks respectively. p I

6.In a typewriting machine, the combination of horizontal parallel key levers, a segmental series of hell cranks in radiating planes. one arm of each bell,cr ank normally extending horizontally and the other upwardlyat an obtuse angle to the horizontally extending arm,radiating links connecting said bell cranks with the key levers respectively, a segmental series of type bars, links connecting the same-with the bell cranks respectively, and links connecting the upwardly extending arms of the bell cranks with the type bars respectively below and in rear of the latters pivots.

7. In a typewriting machine, the combination of horizontal parallel key levers, a segmental series of bell cranks in radiating planes, radiating links connecting said bell cranks with the key levers respectively, a

segmental series of type bars collectively slnftable, and links connecting the same with the bell cranks respectively, the normal position of the last-mentioned links being and a spring interposed between the lever and adjusting screw and locl edagainst 'rota-tion'by its. engagement with the lever and engaging the screw in such manner as to be locked against rotation with reference thereto. v

9. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a key-lever; of a spiral spring engaging under the same with one end abutting the side of the lever, and a screw hold ing the other end of the spring by rotative engagement therewith.

10; In a typewriting machine, the combination with a key-lever; of a spiral spring engaging under the same with one end abut ting the side of the lever, and a screw slotted at the inner end to receive the other end eftlfe spring.

11. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a segmental series of type bars, a basket in which the said type bars are pivoted, a rocking member from which the basket is suspended, a radius link applied to the basket, means for yieldingly upholdseries of hell cranks, and links connecting the type bars with the bell cranks respecs tively, the normal position of these links being slightly above the horizontal and their position'under shift of the baskct being correspondingly below the horizontal.

12. In a typewritingrmachine, the combination of a type-bar basket or cradle having arms projecting from opposite sides and central depending leg, a fixed support, a

link connecting said leg with the latter, a

rock shaft having arms jointed to" the side. arms of the basket, means for yieldinglv upholding the latter, and one or more shift keys and connections for lowering the biteket; 'the distance between the horizontal plane of the rock shaft and the horizontal plane of the connection between said link and the fixed support being the same as the distance normally between the horizci'ztal plane of the point of connection between the link and the central kg of the cradle and the horizontalplane of the points of ci mection between the rock shaft arms and the arms of the basket. 13. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a type-bar basket or (radio having arms projecting from opposite sides and a central depending leg; :1 fixed support, a link connecting said leg with the.latter,'a

rock shaft having arms jointed to the side arms of the basket, means for yieldingly upholding the latter, and one or more shift keys and connections for lowering the hasket comprising bell cranks jointed to the side arms of the latter and bell crank key levers engaged with said bell cranks.

14. In a typewriting machine, the combination with'a shiftable type bar basket and pivoted arms supporting thesame; of shift levers connected therewith; key levers engaging said shift levers; and a latch for engagingone of the latter to hold the bas- .ket shifted, said latch adapted to be en-' gaged and levers. 15. In a'typewriting machine, thecombination with a shiftable' type bar basket; of shift levers connected therewith; key levers engaging said shift levers; a spring-drawn latch adapted to engage one of the latter to hold the basket shifted, said latch adapted to be displaced by one of the key-levers; and means for holding the latch in inoperative position.

16. In a typewriting machine, the combi nation with a shiftable type bar basket and pivoted arms supporting the same; of shift levers connected therewith; key levers engaging said shift levers, one having a prodisplaced by one ofthe key Castes at this patent may be obtained for jecting stud; and a. latch adapted to engage one of the shift levers to hold the basket shifted, and having a 'cam-edge to co act with the stud of the key lever; substantially as and for the purpose described.

17. In a typewriting machine, a vertically is normally held elevated, a bell crank lever having a pin and slot connection atone end with an arm on the rock shaft anda key lever connected to the other arm of the bell crank for operating the latter. i

18. In a typewriting machine, a vertically movable hasket', a rock shaft having for- .wardly projecting arms engaging and supporting the basket, and a rearwardly-extending arm with a spring whereby the basket is normally held elevated, a bell crank lever 7 connected at one end with an arm on the rock shaft and a key lever r mnected to the other arm of the bell crafik for operating the latter.

JOHN J. CHA'P-IN.

Vitnesses:

J. G. VINCENT, R. S. MIELERT.

five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents.

Washington, D. G. 

